GE MiCOM P145 Agile Manuals

Manuals and User Guides for GE MiCOM P145 Agile. We have 1 GE MiCOM P145 Agile manual available for free PDF download: Technical Manual

GE MiCOM P145 Agile Technical Manual (668 pages)

Feeder Management IED

Brand: GE | Category: Control Unit | Size: 21.79 MB

Table of Contents
3
Chapter 1 Introduction

27
- Rear Serial Port
  28
Chapter Overview

29
- Trip Circuit Supervision Scheme
  29
- Cip
  29
Foreword

30
- Target Audience
  30
- Typographical Conventions
  30
- Cip
  30
- Nomenclature
  31
- Cip
  31
Product Scope

32
- Ordering Options
  32
- Cip
  32
Features and Functions

33
- Protection Functions
  33
- Control Functions
  34
- Measurement Functions
  34
- Communication Functions
  34
Compliance

36
Functional Overview

37
- Figure 1: Functional Overview
  37
Chapter 2 Safety Information

39
Chapter Overview

41
Health and Safety

42
Symbols

43
Installation, Commissioning and Servicing

44
- Lifting Hazards
  44
- Electrical Hazards
  44
- UL/CSA/CUL Requirements
  45
- Fusing Requirements
  45
- Equipment Connections
  46
- Protection Class 1 Equipment Requirements
  46
- Pre-Energisation Checklist
  47
- Peripheral Circuitry
  47
- Upgrading/Servicing
  48
Decommissioning and Disposal

49
Regulatory Compliance

50
- EMC Compliance: 2014/30/EU
  50
- LVD Compliance: 2014/35/EU
  50
- R&TTE Compliance: 2014/53/EU
  50
- UL/CUL Compliance
  50
- ATEX Compliance: 2014/34/EU
  50
Chapter 3 Hardware Design

53
Chapter Overview

55
Hardware Architecture

56
- Figure 2: Hardware Architecture
  56
Mechanical Implementation

57
- Housing Variants
  57
- Figure 3: Exploded View of IED
  57
- List of Boards
  58
Front Panel

59
- Front Panel Compartments
  59
- Figure 4: Front Panel (60TE)
  59
- HMI Panel
  60
- Front Serial Port (SK1)
  60
- Figure 5: HMI Panel
  60
- Front Parallel Port (SK2)
  61
- Fixed Function Leds
  61
- Function Keys
  61
- Programable Leds
  62
Rear Panel

63
- Figure 6: Rear View of Populated Case
  63
- Figure 7: Terminal Block Types
  64
Boards and Modules

65
- Pcbs
  65
- Subassemblies
  65
- Figure 8: Rear Connection to Terminal Block
  65
- Main Processor Board
  66
- Figure 9: Main Processor Board
  66
- Power Supply Board
  67
- Figure 10: Power Supply Board
  67
- Figure 11: Power Supply Assembly
  68
- Watchdog
  69
- Figure 12: Power Supply Terminals
  69
- Rear Serial Port
  70
- Figure 13: Watchdog Contact Terminals
  70
- Input Module - 1 Transformer Board
  71
- Figure 14: Rear Serial Port Terminals
  71
- Figure 15: Input Module - 1 Transformer Board
  71
- Input Module Circuit Description
  72
- Figure 16: Input Module Schematic
  72
- Transformer Board
  73
- Figure 17: Transformer Board
  73
- Input Board
  74
- Figure 18: Input Board
  74
- Standard Output Relay Board
  75
- Figure 19: Standard Output Relay Board - 8 Contacts
  75
- IRIG-B Board
  76
- Figure 20: IRIG-B Board
  76
- Fibre Optic Board
  77
- Figure 21: Fibre Optic Board
  77
- Rear Communication Board
  78
- Ethernet Board
  78
- Figure 22: Rear Communication Board
  78
- Figure 23: Ethernet Board
  78
- Redundant Ethernet Board
  80
- Figure 24: Redundant Ethernet Board
  80
Chapter 4 Software Design

83
Chapter Overview

85
Sofware Design Overview

86
- Figure 25: Software Architecture
  86
System Level Software

87
- Real Time Operating System
  87
- System Services Software
  87
- Self-Diagnostic Software
  87
- Startup Self-Testing
  87
- System Boot
  87
- System Level Software Initialisation
  88
- Platform Software Initialisation and Monitoring
  88
- Continuous Self-Testing
  88
Platform Software

89
- Record Logging
  89
- Settings Database
  89
- Interfaces
  89
Protection and Control Functions

90
- Acquisition of Samples
  90
- Frequency Tracking
  90
- Direct Use of Sample Values
  90
- Fourier Signal Processing
  90
- Programmable Scheme Logic
  91
- Figure 26: Frequency Response (Indicative Only)
  91
- Event Recording
  92
- Disturbance Recorder
  92
- Fault Locator
  92
- Function Key Interface
  92
Chapter 5 Configuration

93
Chapter Overview

95
Settings Application Software

96
Using the HMI Panel

97
- Navigating the HMI Panel
  98
- Getting Started
  98
- Figure 27: Navigating the HMI
  98
- Default Display
  99
- Default Display Navigation
  100
- Figure 28: Default Display Navigation
  100
- Password Entry
  101
- Processing Alarms and Records
  101
- Menu Structure
  102
- Changing the Settings
  103
- Direct Access (the Hotkey Menu)
  104
- Setting Group Selection Using Hotkeys
  104
- Control Inputs
  104
- Circuit Breaker Control
  105
- Function Keys
  105
Date and Time Configuration

107
- Using an SNTP Signal
  107
- Using an IRIG-B Signal
  107
- Using an IEEE 1588 PTP Signal
  107
- Without a Timing Source Signal
  108
- Time Zone Compensation
  108
- Daylight Saving Time Compensation
  109
Settings Group Selection

110
Chapter 6 Current Protection Functions

111
Chapter Overview

113
Overcurrent Protection Principles

114
Phase Overcurrent Protection

124
Voltage Dependent Overcurrent Element

131
Current Setting Threshold Selection

135
- Figure 41: Selecting the Current Threshold Setting
  135
Cold Load Pickup

136
- Implementation
  136
- CLP Logic
  137
- Application Notes
  137
- CLP for Resistive Loads
  137
- CLP for Motor Feeders
  137
- Figure 42: Cold Load Pickup Logic
  137
- CLP for Switch Onto Fault Conditions
  138
Selective Logic

139
- Selective Logic Implementation
  139
- Selective Logic Diagram
  139
- Figure 43: Selective Logic
  139
Timer Setting Selection

141
- Figure 44: Selecting the Timer Settings
  141
Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection

142
Earth Fault Protection

146
Sensitive Earth Fault Protection

156
Thermal Overload Protection

165
Broken Conductor Protection

170
- Broken Conductor Protection Implementation
  170
- Broken Conductor Protection Logic
  170
- Application Notes
  170
- Setting Guidelines
  170
- Figure 71: Broken Conductor Logic
  170
Blocked Overcurrent Protection

172
- Blocked Overcurrent Implementation
  172
- Blocked Overcurrent Logic
  172
- Blocked Earth Fault Logic
  172
- Figure 72: Blocked Overcurrent Logic
  172
- Application Notes
  173
- Busbar Blocking Scheme
  173
- Figure 73: Blocked Earth Fault Logic
  173
- Figure 74: Simple Busbar Blocking Scheme
  173
- Figure 75: Simple Busbar Blocking Scheme Characteristics
  174
Second Harmonic Blocking

175
Load Blinders

178
- Load Blinder Implementation
  178
- Figure 78: Load Blinder and Angle
  178
- Load Blinder Logic
  179
- Figure 79: Load Blinder Logic 3Phase
  179
- Figure 80: Load Blinder Logic Phase a
  180
Neutral Admittance Protection

182
- Neutral Admittance Operation
  182
- Conductance Operation
  182
- Figure 81: Admittance Protection
  182
- Susceptance Operation
  183
- Figure 82: Conductance Operation
  183
- Figure 83: Susceptance Operation
  183
Busbar Protection

185
Chapter 7 Restricted Earth Fault Protection

187
Chapter Overview

189
REF Protection Principles

190
Restricted Earth Fault Protection Implementation

197
- Low Impedance REF
  197
- Setting the Bias Characteristic
  197
- Delayed Bias
  198
- Transient Bias
  198
- High Impedance REF
  198
- Figure 94: REF Bias Characteristic
  198
- High Impedance REF Calculation Principles
  199
Application Notes

200
Chapter 8 CB Fail Protection

207
Chapter Overview

209
Circuit Breaker Fail Protection

210
Circuit Breaker Fail Implementation

211
- Circuit Breaker Fail Timers
  211
- Zero Crossing Detection
  211
Circuit Breaker Fail Logic

213
Undercurrent and ZCD Logic for CB Fail

216
- Figure 105: Undercurrent and Zero Crossing Detection Logic for CB Fail
  216
CB Fail SEF Protection Logic

217
- Figure 106: CB Fail SEF Protection Logic
  217
CB Fail Non Current Protection Logic

218
- Figure 107: CB Fail Non Current Protection Logic
  218
Circuit Breaker Mapping

219
- Figure 108: Circuit Breaker Mapping
  219
Application Notes

220
Chapter 9 Current Transformer Requirements

223
Chapter Overview

225
CT Requirements

226
- Phase Overcurrent Protection
  226
- Directional Elements
  226
- Non-Directional Elements
  226
- Earth Fault Protection
  227
- Directional Elements
  227
- Non-Directional Elements
  227
- SEF Protection (Residually Connected)
  227
- SEF Protection (Core-Balanced CT)
  228
- Directional Elements
  228
- Non-Directional Elements
  228
- Low Impedance REF Protection
  228
- High Impedance REF Protection
  228
- High Impedance Busbar Protection
  229
- Use of Metrosil Non-Linear Resistors
  229
- Use of ANSI C-Class Cts
  231
Chapter 10 Voltage Protection Functions

233
Chapter Overview

235
Undervoltage Protection

236
Overvoltage Protection

239
Rate of Change of Voltage Protection

242
Residual Overvoltage Protection

244
Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection

254
Sensitive Overvoltage Supervision

256
Chapter 11 Frequency Protection Functions

259
Chapter Overview

261
Frequency Protection Overview

262
- Frequency Protection Implementation
  262
Underfrequency Protection

264
- Underfrequency Protection Implementation
  264
- Underfrequency Protection Logic
  264
- Figure 126: Underfrequency Logic (Single Stage)
  264
- Application Notes
  265
- Setting Guidelines
  265
Overfrequency Protection

266
Independent R.O.C.O.F Protection

268
Frequency-Supervised R.O.C.O.F Protection

271
Average Rate of Change of Frequency Protection

274
Load Shedding and Restoration

277
Chapter 12 Power Protection Functions

283
Chapter Overview

285
Overpower Protection

286
- Overpower Protection Implementation
  286
- Overpower Logic
  287
- Application Notes
  287
- Forward Overpower Setting Guidelines
  287
- Reverse Power Considerations
  287
- Figure 137: Overpower Logic
  287
- Reverse Overpower Setting Guidelines
  288
Underpower Protection

289
- Underpower Protection Implementation
  289
- Underpower Logic
  290
- Application Notes
  290
- Low Forward Power Considerations
  290
- Low Forward Power Setting Guidelines
  290
- Figure 138: Underpower Logic
  290
Sensitive Power Protection

292
- Sensitive Power Protection Implementation
  292
- Sensitive Power Measurements
  292
- Sensitive Power Logic
  293
- Application Notes
  293
- Sensitive Power Calculation
  293
- Figure 139: Sensitive Power Logic Diagram
  293
- Figure 140: Sensitive Power Input Vectors
  294
- Sensitive Power Setting Guidelines
  295
Transient Earth Fault Detection

296
Chapter 13 Autoreclose

301
Chapter Overview

303
Introduction to 3-Phase Autoreclose

304
Implementation

305
Autoreclose Function Inputs

306
- CB Healthy
  306
- Block AR
  306
- Reset Lockout
  306
- AR Auto Mode
  306
- Auto Mode
  306
- Liveline Mode
  306
- Telecontrol Mode
  306
- Circuits OK
  306
- AR Sys Checks OK
  307
- Ext AR Prot Trip (External AR Protection Trip)
  307
- Ext AR Prot Start (External AR Protection Start)
  307
- DAR Complete (Delayed Autoreclose Complete)
  307
- CB in Service (Circuit Breaker in Service)
  307
- AR Restart
  307
- DT OK to Start (Dead Time OK to Start)
  307
- Deadtime Enabled
  308
- AR Init Triptest (Initiate Trip Test)
  308
- AR Skip Shot
  308
- Inh Reclaim Time (Inhibit Reclaim Time)
  308
Autoreclose Function Outputs

309
- AR in Progress
  309
- AR in Progress 1 (DAR in Progress)
  309
- Sequence Counter Status DDB Signals
  309
- Successful Close
  309
- AR in Service
  309
- Block Main Prot (Block Main Protection)
  309
- Block SEF Prot (Block SEF Protection)
  309
- Reclose Checks
  309
- Deadt in Prog (Dead Time in Progress)
  310
- DT Complete (Dead Time Complete)
  310
- AR Sync Check (AR Synchronisation Check)
  310
- AR Syschecks OK (AR System Checks OK)
  310
- Auto Close
  310
- Protection Lockt (Protection Lockout)
  310
- Reset Lckout Alm (Reset Lockout Alarm)
  310
- Reclaim in Prog
  310
- Reclaim Complete
  310
Autoreclose Function Alarms

311
- AR no Sys Check
  311
- AR CB Unhealthy
  311
- AR Lockout
  311
Autoreclose Operation

312
- Operating Modes
  313
- Four-Position Selector Switch Implementation
  313
- Figure 145: Four-Position Selector Switch Implementation
  314
- Operating Mode Selection Logic
  315
- Autoreclose Initiation
  315
- Figure 146: Autoreclose Mode Select Logic
  315
- Start Signal Logic
  317
- Trip Signal Logic
  317
- Figure 147: Start Signal Logic
  317
- Figure 148: Trip Signal Logic
  317
- Blocking Signal Logic
  318
- Shots Exceeded Logic
  318
- Figure 149: Blocking Signal Logic
  318
- Figure 150: Shots Exceeded Logic
  318
- AR Initiation Logic
  319
- Blocking Instantaneous Protection for Selected Trips
  319
- Figure 151: AR Initiation Logic
  319
- Figure 152: Blocking Instantaneous Protection for Selected Trips
  320
- Blocking Instantaneous Protection for Lockouts
  321
- Dead Time Control
  322
- Figure 153: Blocking Instantaneous Protection for Lockouts
  322
- AR CB Close Control
  323
- Figure 154: Dead Time Control Logic
  323
- AR System Checks
  324
- Figure 155: AR CB Close Control Logic
  324
- Reclaim Timer Initiation
  325
- Figure 156: AR System Check Logic
  325
- Autoreclose Inhibit
  326
- Figure 157: Reclaim Time Logic
  326
- Autoreclose Lockout
  327
- Figure 158: AR Initiation Inhibit
  327
- Figure 159: Overall Lockout Logic
  328
- Sequence Co-Ordination
  329
- Figure 160: Lockout for Protection Trip When AR Is Not Available
  329
- System Checks for First Reclose
  330
Setting Guidelines

331
- Number of Shots
  331
- Dead Timer Setting
  331
- Stability and Synchronism Requirements
  331
- Operational Convenience
  331
- Load Requirements
  332
- Circuit Breaker
  332
- Fault De-Ionisation Time
  332
- Protection Reset Time
  332
- Reclaim Timer Setting
  333
Chapter 14 Monitoring and Control

335
Chapter Overview

337
Event Records

338
- Event Types
  338
- Opto-Input Events
  339
- Contact Events
  339
- Alarm Events
  339
- Fault Record Events
  340
- Maintenance Events
  340
- Protection Events
  340
- Figure 161: Fault Recorder Stop Conditions
  340
- Security Events
  341
- Platform Events
  341
Disturbance Recorder

342
Measurements

343
- Measured Quantities
  343
- Measured and Calculated Currents
  343
- Measured and Calculated Voltages
  343
- Power and Energy Quantities
  343
- Demand Values
  344
- Frequency Measurements
  344
- Other Measurements
  344
- Measurement Setup
  344
- Fault Locator
  345
- Fault Locator Settings Example
  345
- Opto-Input Time Stamping
  345
CB Condition Monitoring

346
CB State Monitoring

348
- CB State Monitoring Logic
  349
- Figure 162: CB State Monitoring Logic
  349
Circuit Breaker Control

350
- CB Control Using the IED Menu
  350
- CB Control Using the Hotkeys
  351
- CB Control Using the Function Keys
  351
- Figure 163: Hotkey Menu Navigation
  351
- CB Control Using the Opto-Inputs
  352
- Remote CB Control
  352
- Figure 164: Default Function Key PSL
  352
- Figure 165: Remote Control of Circuit Breaker
  353
- CB Control Logic
  354
- Synchronisation Check
  354
- CB Healthy Check
  354
- Figure 166: CB Control Logic
  354
Pole Dead Function

355
- Pole Dead Logic
  355
- Figure 167: Pole Dead Logic
  355
System Checks

356
- System Checks Implementation
  356
- VT Connections
  356
- Voltage Monitoring
  356
- Check Synchronisation
  357
- Check Syncronisation Vector Diagram
  357
- System Split
  358
- Figure 168: Check Synchronisation Vector Diagram
  358
- System Check Logic
  359
- Figure 169: System Check Logic
  359
- System Check PSL
  360
- Application Notes
  360
- Slip Control
  360
- Figure 170: System Check PSL
  360
- Use of Check Sync 2 and System Split
  361
- Predictive Closure of Circuit Breaker
  361
- Voltage and Phase Angle Correction
  361
Switch Status and Control

363
- Figure 171: Representation of Typical Feeder Bay
  363
- Switch Status Logic
  364
- Figure 172: Switch Status Logic
  364
- Switch Control Logic
  365
- Figure 173: Switch Control Logic
  365
Chapter 15 Supervision

367
Chapter Overview

369
Voltage Transformer Supervision

370
- Loss of One or Two Phase Voltages
  370
- Loss of All Three Phase Voltages
  370
- Absence of All Three Phase Voltages on Line Energisation
  370
- VTS Implementation
  371
- VTS Logic
  371
- Figure 174: VTS Logic
  372
- VTS Acceleration Indication Logic
  373
- Figure 175: VTS Acceleration Indication Logic
  373
Current Transformer Supervision

374
- CTS Implementation
  374
- CTS Logic
  374
- Figure 176: CTS Logic Diagram
  374
- Application Notes
  375
- Setting Guidelines
  375
Trip Circuit Supervision

376
- Trip Circuit Supervision Scheme
  376
- Resistor Values
  376
- Psl for Tcs Scheme 1
  377
- Trip Circuit Supervision Scheme 2
  377
- Figure 177: TCS Scheme
  378
- Figure 178: PSL for TCS Scheme
  378
- Figure 179: TCS Scheme
  378
- Figure 180: PSL for TCS Scheme 2
  378
- Figure 181: TCS Scheme 3
  379
- Figure 182: PSL for TCS Scheme 3
  379
Chapter 16 Digital I/O and PSL Configuration

381
Chapter Overview

383
Configuring Digital Inputs and Outputs

384
Scheme Logic

385
- Figure 183: Scheme Logic Interfaces
  385
- PSL Editor
  386
- PSL Schemes
  386
- PSL Scheme Version Control
  386
Configuring the Opto-Inputs

387
Assigning the Output Relays

388
Fixed Function Leds

389
- Trip LED Logic
  389
- Figure 184: Trip LED Logic
  389
Configuring Programmable Leds

390
Function Keys

392
Control Inputs

393
Chapter 17 Electrical Teleprotection

395
Chapter Overview

397
Introduction

398
Teleprotection Scheme Principles

399
- Direct Tripping
  399
- Permissive Tripping
  399
Implementation

400
Configuration

401
- Figure 185: Example Assignment of Intermicom Signals Within the PSL
  402
Connecting to Electrical Intermicom

403
- Short Distance
  403
- Long Distance
  403
- Figure 186: Direct Connection
  403
- Figure 187: Indirect Connection Using Modems
  403
Application Notes

404
Chapter 18 Communications

407
Chapter Overview

409
Communication Interfaces

410
Serial Communication

411
- EIA(RS)232 Bus
  411
- EIA(RS)485 Bus
  411
- EIA(RS)485 Biasing Requirements
  412
- K-Bus
  412
- Figure 188: RS485 Biasing Circuit
  412
- Figure 189: Remote Communication Using K-Bus
  413
Standard Ethernet Communication

414
- Hot-Standby Ethernet Failover
  414
Redundant Ethernet Communication

415
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

429
- SNMP Management Information Bases
  429
- Main Processor MIBS Structure
  429
- Redundant Ethernet Board MIB Structure
  430
- Accessing the MIB
  434
- Main Processor SNMP Configuration
  434
Data Protocols

436
- Courier
  436
- Physical Connection and Link Layer
  436
- Courier Database
  437
- Settings Categories
  437
- Setting Changes
  437
- Event Extraction
  437
- Disturbance Record Extraction
  439
- Programmable Scheme Logic Settings
  439
- Time Synchronisation
  439
- Courier Configuration
  440
- Physical Connection and Link Layer
  441
- Iec 60870-5-103
  441
- Initialisation
  442
- Time Synchronisation
  442
- Spontaneous Events
  442
- General Interrogation (GI)
  442
- Cyclic Measurements
  442
- Commands
  442
- Test Mode
  443
- Disturbance Records
  443
- Command/Monitor Blocking
  443
- IEC 60870-5-103 Configuration
  443
- Dnp
  444
- Physical Connection and Link Layer
  445
- Object 1 Binary Inputs
  445
- Object 10 Binary Outputs
  445
- Object 20 Binary Counters
  446
- Object 30 Analogue Input
  446
- Figure 202: Control Input Behaviour
  446
- Object 40 Analogue Output
  447
- Object 50 Time Synchronisation
  447
- DNP3 Device Profile
  447
- DNP3 Configuration
  455
- Modbus
  456
- Physical Connection and Link Layer
  457
- MODBUS Functions
  457
- Response Codes
  457
- Register Mapping
  458
- Event Extraction
  458
- Disturbance Record Extraction
  459
- Figure 203: Manual Selection of a Disturbance Record
  462
- Figure 204: Automatic Selection of Disturbance Record - Method 1
  463
- Figure 205: Automatic Selection of Disturbance Record - Method 2
  464
- Figure 206: Configuration File Extraction
  465
- Figure 207: Data File Extraction
  466
- Setting Changes
  467
- Password Protection
  467
- Protection and Disturbance Recorder Settings
  467
- Time Synchronisation
  468
- Power and Energy Measurement Data Formats
  469
- MODBUS Configuration
  470
- Iec 61850
  471
- Benefits of IEC 61850
  471
- IEC 61850 Interoperability
  472
- The IEC 61850 Data Model
  472
- Figure 208: Data Model Layers in IEC61850
  472
- IEC 61850 in Micom Ieds
  473
- IEC 61850 Data Model Implementation
  473
- IEC 61850 Communication Services Implementation
  473
- IEC 61850 Peer-To-Peer (GOOSE) Communications
  474
- Mapping GOOSE Messages to Virtual Inputs
  474
- Ethernet Functionality
  474
- IEC 61850 Configuration
  474
Read Only Mode

476
- Courier Protocol Blocking
  476
- IEC 61850 Protocol Blocking
  477
- Read-Only Settings
  477
- Read-Only DDB Signals
  477
Time Synchronisation

478
- Demodulated IRIG-B
  478
- Figure 209: GPS Satellite Timing Signal
  478
- IRIG-B Implementation
  479
- Sntp
  479
- Loss of SNTP Server Signal Alarm
  479
- IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol
  479
- Accuracy and Delay Calculation
  479
- PTP Domains
  480
- Time Synchronsiation Using the Communication Protocols
  480
- Figure 210: Timing Error Using Ring or Line Topology
  480
Chapter 19 Cyber-Security

481
Overview

483
The Need for Cyber-Security

484
Standards

485
- NERC Compliance
  485
- Cip 002
  486
- Cip 007
  487
- Ieee 1686-2007
  487
Cyber-Security Implementation

489
- NERC-Compliant Display
  489
- Four-Level Access
  490
- Figure 211: Default Display Navigation
  490
- Blank Passwords
  491
- Password Rules
  491
- Access Level Ddbs
  492
- Enhanced Password Security
  492
- Password Strengthening
  492
- Password Validation
  492
- Password Blocking
  493
- Password Recovery
  494
- Password Encryption
  495
- Disabling Physical Ports
  495
- Disabling Logical Ports
  495
- Security Events Management
  496
- Logging out
  498
Chapter 20 Installation

499
Chapter Overview

501
Handling the Goods

502
- Receipt of the Goods
  502
- Unpacking the Goods
  502
- Storing the Goods
  502
- Dismantling the Goods
  502
Mounting the Device

503
- Flush Panel Mounting
  503
- Figure 212: Location of Battery Isolation Strip
  503
- Rack Mounting
  504
- Figure 213: Rack Mounting of Products
  504
Cables and Connectors

506
- Terminal Blocks
  506
- Figure 214: Terminal Block Types
  506
- Power Supply Connections
  507
- Earth Connnection
  507
- Current Transformers
  507
- Voltage Transformer Connections
  508
- Watchdog Connections
  508
- EIA(RS)485 and K-Bus Connections
  508
- IRIG-B Connection
  508
- Opto-Input Connections
  508
- Output Relay Connections
  508
- Ethernet Metallic Connections
  509
- Ethernet Fibre Connections
  509
- RS232 Connection
  509
- Download/Monitor Port
  509
- GPS Fibre Connection
  509
- Fibre Communication Connections
  509
Case Dimensions

510
- Case Dimensions 40TE
  510
- Figure 215: 40TE Case Dimensions
  510
- Case Dimensions 60TE
  511
- Figure 216: 60TE Case Dimensions
  511
- Case Dimensions 80TE
  512
- Figure 217: 80TE Case Dimensions
  512
Chapter 21 Commissioning Instructions

513
Chapter Overview

515
General Guidelines

516
Commissioning Test Menu

517
- Opto I/P Status Cell (Opto-Input Status)
  517
- Relay O/P Status Cell (Relay Output Status)
  517
- Test Port Status Cell
  517
- Monitor Bit 1 to 8 Cells
  517
- Test Mode Cell
  518
- Test Pattern Cell
  518
- Contact Test Cell
  518
- Test Leds Cell
  518
- Test Autoreclose Cell
  518
- Red and Green LED Status Cells
  519
- Using a Monitor Port Test Box
  519
Commissioning Equipment

520
Product Checks

522
- Product Checks with the IED De-Energised
  522
- Visual Inspection
  523
- Current Transformer Shorting Contacts
  523
- Insulation
  523
- External Wiring
  523
- Watchdog Contacts
  524
- Power Supply
  524
- Product Checks with the IED Energised
  524
- Test LCD
  525
- Date and Time
  525
- Test Leds
  526
- Test Alarm and Out-Of-Service Leds
  526
- Test Trip LED
  526
- Test User-Programmable Leds
  526
- Test Opto-Inputs
  526
- Test Output Relays
  526
- Test Serial Communication Port RP1
  527
- Figure 218: RP1 Physical Connection
  527
- Test Serial Communication Port RP2
  528
- Test Ethernet Communication
  528
- Figure 219: Remote Communication Using K-Bus
  528
- Secondary Injection Tests
  529
- Test Current Inputs
  529
- Test Voltage Inputs
  529
Setting Checks

531
Protection Timing Checks

533
- Overcurrent Check
  533
- Connecting the Test Circuit
  533
- Performing the Test
  533
- Check the Operating Time
  533
Onload Checks

535
- Confirm Current Connections
  535
- Confirm Voltage Connections
  535
- On-Load Directional Test
  536
Final Checks

537
Chapter 22 Maintenance and Troubleshooting

539
Chapter Overview

541
Maintenance

542
- Maintenance Checks
  542
- Alarms
  542
- Opto-Isolators
  542
- Output Relays
  542
- Measurement Accuracy
  542
- Replacing the Device
  543
- Repairing the Device
  544
- Removing the Front Panel
  544
- Figure 220: Possible Terminal Block Types
  544
- Replacing Pcbs
  545
- Replacing the Main Processor Board
  545
- Replacement of Communications Boards
  546
- Figure 221: Front Panel Assembly
  546
- Replacement of the Input Module
  547
- Replacement of the Power Supply Board
  547
- Replacement of the I/O Boards
  548
- Recalibration
  548
- Changing the Battery
  548
- Post Modification Tests
  549
- Battery Disposal
  549
- Cleaning
  549
Troubleshooting

550
- Self-Diagnostic Software
  550
- Power-Up Errors
  550
- Error Message or Code on Power-Up
  550
- Out of Service LED on at Power-Up
  551
- Error Code During Operation
  552
- Backup Battery
  552
- Mal-Operation During Testing
  552
- Failure of Output Contacts
  552
- Failure of Opto-Inputs
  552
- Incorrect Analogue Signals
  553
- PSL Editor Troubleshooting
  553
- Diagram Reconstruction
  553
- PSL Version Check
  553
Repair and Modification Procedure

554
Chapter 23 Technical Specifications

555
Chapter Overview

557
Interfaces

558
- Front Serial Port
  558
- Download/Monitor Port
  558
- Rear Serial Port
  558
- Fibre Rear Serial Port
  558
- Optional Rear Serial Port (SK5)
  559
- IRIG-B (Demodulated)
  559
- IRIG-B (Modulated)
  559
- Rear Serial Port 2
  559
- Rear Ethernet Port Copper
  560
- Rear Ethernet Port Fibre
  560
- 100 Base Fx Receiver Characteristics
  560
- 100 Base Fx Transmitter Characteristics
  561
Performance of Current Protection Functions

562
- Transient Overreach and Overshoot
  562
- Phase Overcurrent Protection
  562
- Phase Overcurrent Directional Parameters
  562
- Voltage Dependent Overcurrent Protection
  562
- Earth Fault Protection
  563
- Earth Fault Directional Parameters
  563
- Sensitive Earth Fault Protection
  564
- SEF Directional Parameters
  564
- Restricted Earth Fault Protection
  564
- Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection
  565
- NPSOC Directional Parameters
  565
- Circuit Breaker Fail and Undercurrent Protection
  565
- Broken Conductor Protection
  565
- Thermal Overload Protection
  565
- Cold Load Pickup Protection
  566
- Selective Overcurrent Protection
  566
- Voltage Dependent Overcurrent Protection
  566
- Neutral Admittance Protection
  566
Performance of Voltage Protection Functions

567
- Undervoltage Protection
  567
- Overvoltage Protection
  567
- Residual Overvoltage Protection
  567
- Negative Sequence Voltage Protection
  567
- Rate of Change of Voltage Protection
  568
Performance of Frequency Protection Functions

569
Power Protection Functions

572
- Overpower / Underpower Protection
  572
- Sensitive Power Protection
  572
Performance of Monitoring and Control Functions

573
- Voltage Transformer Supervision
  573
- Standard Current Transformer Supervision
  573
- CB State and Condition Monitoring
  573
- PSL Timers
  573
Measurements and Recording

574
- General
  574
- Disturbance Records
  574
- Event, Fault and Maintenance Records
  574
- Fault Locator
  574
Ratings

575
- AC Measuring Inputs
  575
- Current Transformer Inputs
  575
- Voltage Transformer Inputs
  575
- Auxiliary Supply Voltage
  575
- Nominal Burden
  576
- Power Supply Interruption
  576
- Battery Backup
  577
Input / Output Connections

578
- Isolated Digital Inputs
  578
- Nominal Pickup and Reset Thresholds
  578
- Standard Output Contacts
  578
- High Break Output Contacts
  579
- Watchdog Contacts
  579
Mechanical Specifications

580
- Physical Parameters
  580
- Enclosure Protection
  580
- Mechanical Robustness
  580
- Transit Packaging Performance
  580
Type Tests

581
- Insulation
  581
- Creepage Distances and Clearances
  581
- High Voltage (Dielectric) Withstand
  581
- Impulse Voltage Withstand Test
  581
Environmental Conditions

582
- Ambient Temperature Range
  582
- Temperature Endurance Test
  582
- Ambient Humidity Range
  582
- Corrosive Environments
  582
Electromagnetic Compatibility

583
Regulatory Compliance

586
- EMC Compliance: 2014/30/EU
  586
- LVD Compliance: 2014/35/EU
  586
- R&TTE Compliance: 2014/53/EU
  586
- UL/CUL Compliance
  586
- ATEX Compliance: 2014/34/EU
  586
Appendix A Ordering Options

589
Appendix B Settings and Signals

591
Appendix C Wiring Diagrams

599

GE Categories

GE MiCOM P145 Agile Manuals

GE MiCOM P145 Agile Technical Manual (668 pages)

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter Overview

Foreword

Product Scope

Features and Functions

Compliance

Functional Overview

Chapter 2 Safety Information

Chapter Overview

Health and Safety

Symbols

Installation, Commissioning and Servicing

Decommissioning and Disposal

Regulatory Compliance

Chapter 3 Hardware Design

Chapter Overview

Hardware Architecture

Mechanical Implementation

Front Panel

Rear Panel

Boards and Modules

Chapter 4 Software Design

Chapter Overview

Sofware Design Overview

System Level Software

Platform Software

Protection and Control Functions

Chapter 5 Configuration

Chapter Overview

Settings Application Software

Using the HMI Panel

Date and Time Configuration

Settings Group Selection

Chapter 6 Current Protection Functions

Chapter Overview

Overcurrent Protection Principles

Phase Overcurrent Protection

Voltage Dependent Overcurrent Element

Current Setting Threshold Selection

Cold Load Pickup

Selective Logic

Timer Setting Selection

Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection

Earth Fault Protection

Sensitive Earth Fault Protection

Thermal Overload Protection

Broken Conductor Protection

Blocked Overcurrent Protection

Second Harmonic Blocking

Load Blinders

Neutral Admittance Protection

Busbar Protection

Chapter 7 Restricted Earth Fault Protection

Chapter Overview

REF Protection Principles

Restricted Earth Fault Protection Implementation

Application Notes

Chapter 8 CB Fail Protection

Chapter Overview

Circuit Breaker Fail Protection

Circuit Breaker Fail Implementation

Circuit Breaker Fail Logic

Undercurrent and ZCD Logic for CB Fail

CB Fail SEF Protection Logic

CB Fail Non Current Protection Logic

Circuit Breaker Mapping

Application Notes

Chapter 9 Current Transformer Requirements

Chapter Overview

CT Requirements

Chapter 10 Voltage Protection Functions

Chapter Overview

Undervoltage Protection

Overvoltage Protection

Rate of Change of Voltage Protection

Residual Overvoltage Protection

Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection